A urologist evaluates your symptoms. Diagnostic tests include urine analysis, blood tests (creatinine, uric acid), ultrasound, and CT KUB scan to determine stone size and location.
Immediate pain relief with analgesics and IV fluids. Small stones (<5 mm) may pass on their own with increased water intake (2–3 litres/day) and medication over 2–4 weeks.
If the stone does not pass, the specialist recommends the best intervention: ESWL for smaller stones, Ureteroscopy (URSL) for ureteral stones, or PCNL for large kidney stones (>2 cm).
Procedures are performed under anaesthesia, typically same-day or 1–2 day admission. Lasers (Holmium laser are used to fragment stones for easy passage
Procedures are performed under anaesthesia, typically same-day or 1–2 day admission. Lasers (Holmium laser are used to fragment stones for easy passage
24-hour urine collection and blood tests identify why stones formed. A tailored diet plan and medications prevent recurrence — reducing lifetime risk by up to 50%.
Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) are scored using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Rate symptoms like frequency, urgency, weak stream, and incomplete emptying to gauge severity.
A simple blood test measures PSA levels. Elevated levels may indicate BPH, prostatitis, or prostate cancer. The urologist may also perform a DRE to feel the size and texture of the prostate.
Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) measures prostate volume. MRI (mpMRI) is used if cancer is suspected to detect lesions that may need biopsy.
Mild BPH: Alpha-blockers or 5-alpha reductase inhibitors. Moderate–severe: Minimally invasive surgery (TURP, HoLEP laser). Prostate cancer: Robotic prostatectomy, radiation, or active surveillance depending on stage.
Regular PSA follow-up every 3–6 months after treatment. Lifestyle modifications (diet, exercise) to maintain prostate health and reduce recurrence risk.
Drink at least 2–3 litres of water daily. Adequate hydration is the single most effective way to prevent kidney stones and UTIs.
Drink at least 2–3 litres of water daily. Adequate hydration is the single most effective way to prevent kidney stones and UTIs.
Physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight, reduces BPH risk, and supports kidney function. Aim for 30 minutes/day.
Annual PSA test for men over 50. Regular urine routine exam. Blood pressure and blood sugar control protects the kidneys long-term.
Tobacco use significantly increases bladder cancer risk. Alcohol dehydrates the body, worsening kidney stone formation.
Proper personal hygiene reduces UTI risk. Urinate after intercourse. Avoid holding urine for extended periods.
Inability to urinate, severe kidney/flank pain with fever, heavy blood in urine, acute scrotal pain. Visit the 24/7 Emergency at SHRI Hospital.
Painful urination with fever, persistent blood in urine, difficulty urinating for over 24 hours, sudden significant reduction in urine output.
Burning urination without fever, weak stream, frequent nighttime urination, mild pelvic or groin discomfort, UTI symptoms without systemic illness.
Routine Screening Visit
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